Development of an Electrotherapy Output Sound Indicator Device (EOSID) as an Objective Alternative to Traditional Sensory Output Testing

Dhan Singh Rathore , Dr. Palak Jain (PT)

Electrotherapy, Output Testing, TENS, Interferential Therapy, Physiotherapy Equipment, Quality Assurance

Background: Routine output testing of electrotherapy equipment such as Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Interferential Therapy (IFT), and Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) is traditionally performed using examiner sensory perception. This approach lacks objectivity, repeatability, and examiner safety. Objective: To develop a low-cost Electrotherapy Output Sound Indicator Device (EOSID) and evaluate its application as an objective alternative to traditional sensory output testing of electrotherapy equipment. Methodology: EOSID was developed using a piezoelectric electronic buzzer connected via standard electrotherapy electrode cables. The device converts electrical output from electrotherapy machines into audible sound. Output testing was performed by connecting EOSID to the output terminals of TENS, EMS, and IFT units and gradually increasing intensity. Auditory patterns were observed and interpreted based on frequency characteristics. Cable fault detection was also assessed. Results: EOSID successfully detected output from all functioning electrotherapy devices. Distinct auditory patterns corresponded to low-frequency, high-frequency, and interferential currents. The device enabled differentiation between machine output failure and electrode cable faults. Examiner sensory exposure was eliminated. Conclusion: The Electrotherapy Output Sound Indicator Device provides a simple, safe, and objective alternative to traditional sensory output testing methods and may be adopted as a routine clinic-level screening tool.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

"Development of an Electrotherapy Output Sound Indicator Device (EOSID) as an Objective Alternative to Traditional Sensory Output Testing", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.11, Issue 1, page no.a102-a106, January-2026, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2601011.pdf

Volume 11 Issue 1, January-2026

Pages : a102-a106

Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_306746

Published Paper Id: IJSDR2601011

Downloads: 000250

Research Area: Humanities All

Country: Kota, Rajasthan, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2601011

Published Paper URL: https://ijsdr.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJSDR2601011

ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.15 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJSDR(IJ Publication) Janvi Wave

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License and The Open Definition