ANTIPSYCHOTICS : A EXHAUSTIVE REVIEW OF FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION DRUGS
ANTIPSYCHOTICS , FIRST GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTICS , SECOND GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTICS, MECHANISM OF ACTION, ADVERSE EFFECTS
Antipsychotic medications play a crucial role in the management of various psychiatric disorders, offering relief from a wide range of symptoms. This comprehensive review provides an overview of both first-generation (typical) and second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic drugs, shedding light on their mechanisms of action, indications, dosages, and adverse effects. First-generation antipsychotics, exemplified by haloperidol and chlorpromazine, primarily act as dopamine receptor antagonists in the central nervous system, effectively targeting positive symptoms of schizophrenia and related conditions. Haloperidol, in particular, finds application in the treatment of schizophrenia, Tourette syndrome, and severe behavioural disturbances in children. However, the use of these drugs is associated with the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and other adverse effects, including anticholinergic effects, sedation, and metabolic changes. Second-generation antipsychotics, known as atypical antipsychotics, exhibit a different mechanism of action. These drugs, such as risperidone and olanzapine, combine dopamine receptor antagonism with serotonin receptor modulation, providing a broader therapeutic spectrum and a reduced risk of EPS. Risperidone has been approved for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism, while olanzapine has indications for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and treatment-resistant depression. This review emphasises the importance of tailoring antipsychotic therapy to individual patient needs, taking into account factors like age, specific psychiatric conditions, and potential adverse effects. It also underscores the significance of ongoing research to better understand the molecular mechanisms behind antipsychotic action and the development of novel treatments with improved efficacy and tolerability.
"ANTIPSYCHOTICS : A EXHAUSTIVE REVIEW OF FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION DRUGS", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.8, Issue 10, page no.172 - 176, October-2023, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2310031.pdf
Volume 8
Issue 10,
October-2023
Pages : 172 - 176
Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_208805
Published Paper Id: IJSDR2310031
Downloads: 000347323
Research Area: Medical Science
Country: udaipur, Rajasthan, India
ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.15 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publisher: IJSDR(IJ Publication) Janvi Wave
