GEOLOGIC- GEOMORPHIC CONDITIONS, ARCHAEOLOGICAL - ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE STRUCTURES AND CONSERVATION OF ANCIENT HINDU MALHAR MUD FORT CHATTISGARH, INDIA
DR. H.D DIWAN
, Dr. S.S BHADAURIA , Dr.PRAVEEN KADWE , Dr.D SANSYAL
MALHAR MUD FORT, DINDESHWARI TEMPLE, GEOLOGIC- GEOMORPHIC, ARCHAEOLICAL ASSETS, ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION, HERITAGE, MOAT, SHIVNATH RIVER, SOUTH KOSALA, HINDUART, ANCIENT MONUMENTS.
The ancient trade route from Kausambi to the South - Eastern Sea Side i.e. Jagganath Puri, Odisha were followed via Bharhut, Bandhavgarh, Amarkantak of M.P. and Kharod, Malhar, Sirpur in C.G. The Malhar is located in Bilaspur district, CG towards South East, about 32 km. distance and lies in geographical Latitude North 21°55' and East longitude 82°20’ in Masturi Tahsil. Under Natural Heritages, the environment of Malhar is surrounded by three rivers, Arpa in the West, Lilagar in the East Shivnath in the South. The landscape shows undulating plains (250 m AMSL) with gentle slope towards lowlying, river drainage channels, due to presence of Sedimentary Horizontal Bedded (SHB) rock Formations of Chhattisgarh (Protereozoic) Supergroup. The excavations at Malhar by Archaealogical Survey of India (ASI) designated as ASI code - NCT - 17, and Archaeology Deptt. of C.G. State, considered continuous inhabitation, ancient civilization from Ancient period to Medieval period in Indian History. The ancient fort - Ramparts in Kosala Village and Ferry Potnar, still exists at present, indicates its antiquity to Pre-Mauryan reign period (600 BC). The coins of Kanishka Dynasty Ruler Vimcadifisys and Sealings of Kosala village inscriptions in Brahmi Script “Gamās Koṡaliya” (Kosali Gram) indicates age of 2nd century AD. The extensive remains of Hindu Temples, Stone Pillars, Planned way of Town Building Sequences (PTBS) and Royal Accomodation Palaces two nos. (Rajmahal) in Garhi Area (Fort Region) reveals the Architectural Glory of Malhar since Satvahan Dynasty (2nd Century AD). Many temples of Lord Shiva, sculptures symbols - Padma, Chakra. Gada Images of Garuda, Kedareshwar Mahadeva Temple and Godess Dindeshwari Temple (Maa Parvati) i.e. 6 to 12th Century AD belonging to Later Somvanshis and Kalachuris Dynasty rulers of Malhar region. Lord Vishnu sculpture with four arm figure holding shankha, Chakra and Gada, dated to 2nd Century BC. was Found in Malhar. The Pandava Sahadeva ruled south of Indogangetic Plains and Kusha Son of Lord Ram Chandra received South Kosala and made Kushasthalipura as Capital which is identified near Malhar. The Remote Sensing Satellite Image interpretation shows the circular precincts of fort, circumfences by two layers of water filled Moat. Fort lies at the center of the Fort Premises, Rajmahal (Palaces) in two numbers located at the south of Fort. The Ancient Hindu Temples had been constructed in Malhar City Zone i.e. outside of the fort region, mainly in south & east wards. Conservation of Archaeological, Architectural, Historical, Cultural Art and Natural Environment of the region, its Geomorphic - Geologic heritages have own importance and assets of Hindu sculptural wealth of Nation: It increases the prestige and proud of India internationally.
"GEOLOGIC- GEOMORPHIC CONDITIONS, ARCHAEOLOGICAL - ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE STRUCTURES AND CONSERVATION OF ANCIENT HINDU MALHAR MUD FORT CHATTISGARH, INDIA", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.6, Issue 7, page no.100 - 108, July-2021, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2107018.pdf
Volume 6
Issue 7,
July-2021
Pages : 100 - 108
Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_193469
Published Paper Id: IJSDR2107018
Downloads: 000347417
Research Area: Engineering
Country: RAIPUR, Chhattisgarh, India
ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.15 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publisher: IJSDR(IJ Publication) Janvi Wave
