Chronopharmacology: A Great Future for the Medicines

Amol A. Patil , Manohar D. Kengar , Suhas A. Mane , Sujit A. Wagmare , Dnyaneshwar M. Nirmale

Chronopharmacology, Chronopharmacokinetics, Circadian rhythms (CR), Suprachiasmatic nucleus, Chronotherapeutics, Pulsatile drug delivery system.

Chronopharmacology is helpful to solve problems of drug dose optimization i.e. improve the efficacy or reduce undesired effects. In the human the metabolic fate of a pharmacological agent is not constant as a function of a time. Thus during metabolic it is much useful chronobiological approach of pharmacological phenomena it includes a lesser risk of errors. Chronobiology is the branch of science which examines periodic phenomenon in living organisms and their adaptation to biological rhythm. These biological rhythms can be yearly, monthly, daily or more frequent. Daily (24hr) rhythms are called as CR. Chronopharmacology is the branch of science which take into account the influence of time. It is concerned with the effects of drug upon the timing of biological events and rhythms and the relation of biological timing and endogenous periodicities to the effect of drugs. It further deals with chronotherapeutics, chronokinetics, and chronotoxicity. The circadian rhythms in mammals are maintained and regulated by the master clock in brain called as Supra chiasmatic nucleus (SCN) present inhypothalamus. Circadian rhythms deal with the cyclic changes occurring in day and night which depends on absence and presence of light. When the light falls on the retina, the light sensitive ganglion cells act as receptors and sends signals to SCN through retinohypothalamic tracts. SCN either directly by influencing pineal gland which releases melatonin or indirectly by influencing autonomic nervous system regulates different physiological activities. Biological rhythms were affect on various system . Circadian rhythms are also exhibited by many diseases. Some drugs in absorption (A), distribution (D), metabolism (M) and excretion (E) in relation to time. During the CR hanges in ADME and takes into account the influence of time of administration on these different processes is called as chronopharmacokinetics either chronokinetics.

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"Chronopharmacology: A Great Future for the Medicines", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.5, Issue 2, page no.284 - 293, February-2020, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2002048.pdf

Volume 5 Issue 2, February-2020

Pages : 284 - 293

Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_191370

Published Paper Id: IJSDR2002048

Downloads: 000347695

Research Area: Pharmacy

Country: Sangli, Maharastra, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2002048

Published Paper URL: https://ijsdr.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJSDR2002048

ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

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