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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal ISSN Approved Journal No: 2455-2631 | Impact factor: 8.15 | ESTD Year: 2016 open access , Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 8.15 |
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| Paper Title: | The Mechanism and Current State of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pharmacological Therapy: A Review |
| Authors Name: | Abarnadevika. A , Nithyasree S , Dr.Ariharasivakumar.G , Malathi S , Vignesh M |
| Unique Id: | IJSDR2403099 |
| Published In: | Volume 9 Issue 3, March-2024 |
| Abstract: | This review comprehensively explores the factors influencing the development, progression, and complications of liver steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition is characterized by hepatic fat accumulation, encompasses nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The rising global prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance has made these conditions leading causes of chronic liver disease. NASH can evolve into fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, posing significant health risks. The pathophysiology of NAFLD is complex, involving a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The traditional "two hits" model has been replaced by "multiple-parallel hits" model, emphasizing the interplay of genetic predisposition, obesity, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota changes. The role of immune cells, particularly macrophages, NASH development is discussed, highlighting potential therapeutic targets. Drug-induced NAFLD is examined, focusing on mechanisms leading to steatosis and liver damage. Several drugs, including amiodarone, tamoxifen, and valproate, disrupt mitochondrial function and induce lipogenesis, contributing to drug-induced fatty liver. Pharmacological therapies for NAFLD, targeting insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity, are reviewed. Insulin sensitizers such as thiazolidinediones and metformin, antioxidants like vitamin E and pentoxifylline, and drugs that decrease cholesterol are discussed. Additionally, agents activating nuclear transcription factors (e.g.FXR agonists and PPAR agonists) and cytokine modulation are explored as potential treatments. In conclusion, the review underscores the multifaceted nature of NAFLD and provides insights into current and emerging pharmacological therapies. Despite the challenges, ongoing research offers hope for effective treatments in the future, emphasizing need for a comprehensive approach considering individual patient profiles and disease stages. |
| Keywords: | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), insulin resistance, obesity, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), antioxidant. |
| Cite Article: | "The Mechanism and Current State of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pharmacological Therapy: A Review ", International Journal of Science & Engineering Development Research (www.ijsdr.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.9, Issue 3, page no.680 - 690, March-2024, Available :http://www.ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2403099.pdf |
| Downloads: | 000337362 |
| Publication Details: | Published Paper ID: IJSDR2403099 Registration ID:210511 Published In: Volume 9 Issue 3, March-2024 DOI (Digital Object Identifier): Page No: 680 - 690 Publisher: IJSDR | www.ijsdr.org ISSN Number: 2455-2631 |
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