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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH International Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journals, Open Access Journal ISSN Approved Journal No: 2455-2631 | Impact factor: 8.15 | ESTD Year: 2016 open access , Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journals, Impact factor 8.15 |
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| Paper Title: | CEPHALOSPORINS DRUG RESISTANCE, A GUIDE FOR SELECTING AN ALTERNATIVE ANTIBIOTICS |
| Authors Name: | ANNA THANKACHAN , MINNU SKCARIA |
| Unique Id: | IJSDR2306159 |
| Published In: | Volume 8 Issue 6, June-2023 |
| Abstract: | Antibiotic resistance in bacteria can be innate or acquired. For example, cephalosporin resistance in Enterococcus species originates from a feature that occurs naturally in that species, and consequently, all members of that species will have that resistance pattern.A wide variety of hypersensitivity responses (HSRs) with various immune pathologies can be brought on by cephalosporins. This essay will concentrate on how we now understand cephalosporin hypersensitivity, with a focus on acute reactions to cephalosporins and current methods for patient de-labelling. Over the past 20 years, new HLA associations and drug hypersensitivity syndromes have had a significant impact on both the safety of medications and our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of these events. The genes involved in IgE synthesis (STAT6, IL4RA, IL13), expression of pre-formed mediators (LGALS3), HLA class II antigen presentation genes, NOD2 genes regulating class II expression, and cytokines have shown the strongest relationships with genetic variation for beta-lactam allergy (IL-4, IL-10, IL-18).Ceftezole, which is sold in Asia but not the United States, has a side chain that is identical to that of cefazolin's and has been linked to anaphylaxis in some cases[38]. proposed patterns of cross-reactivity between cephalosporins. It is unknown if other nations, particularly the United States, where side chain specific aminopenicillin reactions are uncommon, exhibit the same pattern of cross-reactivity.The aforementioned studies [56,57,58]. showed the value of taking into account the antigenic determinants of both the R1 and R2 side chains when choosing alternative cephalosporins in cephalosporin-allergic subjects as well as the ability of STs to identify subtle structural variations among cephalosporins in allergic subjects.Antibiotic resistance genes may also be carried on mobile gene cassettes which can be integrated into or deleted from their receptor elements |
| Keywords: | Antibiotic resistance, cephalosporin, immune-pathogenesis, hypersensitivity reaction. |
| Cite Article: | "CEPHALOSPORINS DRUG RESISTANCE, A GUIDE FOR SELECTING AN ALTERNATIVE ANTIBIOTICS", International Journal of Science & Engineering Development Research (www.ijsdr.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.8, Issue 6, page no.1119 - 1126, June-2023, Available :http://www.ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2306159.pdf |
| Downloads: | 000337352 |
| Publication Details: | Published Paper ID: IJSDR2306159 Registration ID:207188 Published In: Volume 8 Issue 6, June-2023 DOI (Digital Object Identifier): Page No: 1119 - 1126 Publisher: IJSDR | www.ijsdr.org ISSN Number: 2455-2631 |
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