उच्च शिक्षा में नई शिक्षा नीति 2020 के प्रभाव का समाजशास्त्रीय अध्ययन

Rekha

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lkekftd {kerkvksa dk fodkl djuk gS] ftlls og nSfud thou dh ekaxksa vkSj pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus esa l{ke gksA gj cPps ds ikl vf}rh; O;fäRo y{k.k] #fp;ka çkFkfedrk,a] ewY;] –f"Vdks.k] rkdr vkSj detksfj;ka gSaA ikBîØe ,slk gksxk ftlls cPpk vius vf}rh;rk ds vuq:i nqfu;k esa viuk vuwBk LFkku [kkstus esa l{ke gks] blds fy, cPps dk lokZxh.k fodkl csgn t:jh gSA • lexz fodkl D;k gS • lexz fodkl D;ksa vko';d gS • lexz fodkl ds çeq[k rRo D;k gS rFkk • fu"d"kZ lexz f'k{kk f'k{kkFkhZ ds eu 'kjhj vkSj vkRek lfgr lHkh igyqvksa dks 'kkfey djrk gSA blds ihNs n'kZu ;g gS fd çR;sd O;fä vius LFkkuh; leqnk; çk—frd nqfu;k vkSj ekuorkoknh laca/kksa ds ek/;e ls thou esa igpku vkSj vFkZ vkSj mís'; ikrk gS d#.kk vkSj 'kkafr tSls ewY;ksa dk fodkl gksrk gSA lexz f'k{kk yksxksa ds thou ds fy, vkarfjd J)k] lh[kus ds fy, çse] vuqHkokRed f'k{kk] lh[kus ds ekgkSy ds Hkhrj laca/kksa vkSj çkFkfed ekuo ewY;ksa ij egRo nsrk gSA lexz f'k{kk ds fodkl dk bfrgkl lexz f'k{kk dk vk/kqfud yqd ,aM Qhy nks dkjdksa ds ek/;e ls tqM+k gqvk gSA f}rh; fo'o;q) ds ckn ekuorkoknh n'kZu dk mn; vkSj 1960 ds e/; esa 'kq: gqvk lkaL—frd çfreku cnykoA 1970 esa euksfoKku esa lexzrk vkanksyu dh cgqr vf/kd eq[;/kkjk cu tkus ds ckn foKku] n'kZu vkSj lkaL—frd bfrgkl esa lkfgR; dh ,d mHkjrs fudk; us f'k{kk dks le>us dh bl rjhds dk o.kZu djus ds fy, ,d O;kid vo/kkj.kk çLrqr dh ,d ifjis{; ftls lexzrk ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA 2000 ds n'kd dh 'kq#vkr ls ,sfrgkfld :i ls vyx 'kS{kf.kd {ks=ksa] ,d vksj foKku] çkS|ksfxdh] bathfu;fjax vkSj xf.kr vkSj nwljh vkSj nwljh vksj ekufodh] dyk vkSj lkekftd foKku us u;k le; lkekU; ik;k gSA lkekftd vkSj O;ogkj foKku dks ,dh—r djus vkSj mPp f'k{kk esa foKku] bathfu;fjax vkSj fpfdRlk ds lkFk ekufodh vkSj dyk ds ,dhdj.k ij vke lgefr fjiksVZ esa çnf'kZr fd;k gSA lexz f'k{kk ds fy, nk'kZfud <kapk&f'k{kk lexz f'k{kk dk mís'; Nk=ksa dks lexz –f"Vdks.k ds lkFk ckSf)d] HkkoukRed] lkekftd] 'kkjhfjd] dykRed] jpukRed vkSj vk/;kfRed vkSj {kerk ds fodkl ls laca/k j[kuk gSA ;g Nk=ksa dks f'k{k.k dh çfØ;k esa 'kkfey djuk pkgrk gS vkSj O;fäxr vkSj lkewfgd ftEesnkjh dks çksRlkfgr djrk gSA lexz f'k{kk ds lkekU; n'kZu dk o.kZu djrs gq, bls nks Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k gSA • ijerk dk fopkj vkSj • nwjn'khZ {kerk dh /kkj.kk ijerk dk fopkj% vyx&vyx {ks=ksa esa bldh vyx&vyx O;k[;k dh gSA /kkfeZd :i ls çcq) cuus ds #i esa vk/;kfRedrk ,d egRoiw.kZ ?kVd gS] D;ksafd ;g lHkh thfor phtksa dh tqM+ko nsrh gS vkSj vkarfjd vkSj ckgjh thou ds chp lkeatL; ij tksj nsrh gSA euksoSKkfud vkRecks/k ds :i esa lexz f'k{kk dk ekuuk gS fd çR;sd O;fä dks thou esa dqN cuus dk ç;kl djuk pkfg, tks gks ldrk gSA n csLV otZu v‚Q fgelsYQ vifjHkkf"kr ;,d O;fä ml vafre lhek rd fodflr gksrk gS tgka rd ekuo igqap ldrk gS vFkkZr ekuo vkRek dh mPpre vkdka{kkvksa dh vksj c<+ukA foosdiw.kZ {kerk ds :i esa Lora=rk dks euksoSKkfud vFkZ esa fy;k gSA vPNk fu.kZ; gS Lo'kklu ds :i esa] çR;sd Nk= vius rjhds ls lh[krk gSA lkekftd {kerk flQZ lkekftd dkS'ky lh[kus ls T;knk gSA ifj"—r ewY; ds }kjk pfj= dk fodkl gksrk gSA vkReKku HkkoukRed fodkl djrk gSA ikBîØe ds fy, lexz f'k{kk ds vuqç;ksx dks ifjorZudkjh f'k{kk ds :i esa of.kZr fd;k x;k gSA tgka funsZ'k f'k{kkFkhZ dh laiw.kZrk dks igpkurk gSA laiw.kZ O;fä dks f'kf{kr djus dh ekax djrs gq, lexz f'k{kk ds dsaæh; fo"k;ksa dks Li"V djus ds ç;kl fd, x, gSaA & lexz f'k{kk esa cqfu;knh rhu vkj dks f'k{kk dgk x;k gS; fj'rs fjys'ku • ftEesnkjh fjLikaflfcfyVh • lHkh thou ds fy, lEeku jsLisDV vkRe lEeku ds lkFk esa lh[kuk cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSA fj'rks esa lh[kus dk vFkZ gS lkekftd lk{kjrkA lkekftd çHkko dks ns[kuk vkSj lh[kukA yphykiu dk vFkZ gS dfBukb;ksa ij dkcw ikuk gS] pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk] nh?kZ dkyhu lQyrk lqfuf'pr djus ds rjhds lh[kukA lkSan;Z'kkL= ds ckjs esa lh[kus dk vFkZ gS vklikl ds lkSan;Z dks ns[kus esa çksRlkfgr djuk vkSj thou esa foLe; djuk lh[kkrk gSA f'k{kd }kjk çR;sd cPps dks lquus vkSj cPps dks vius Hkhrj fufgr phtksa dks ckgj fudkyus esa enn djus ls lexzrk çkIr gksrh gSA lexz f'k{kk ds midj.k ;k f'k{k.k j.kuhfr;ka %& lexz f'k{kk bl loky dk lek/kku djus ds fy, dbZ j.kuhfr;ksa dks c<+kok nsrh gS fd dSls i<+kuk gS vkSj yksx dSls lh[krs gSa lcls igys lexzrk dk fopkj lh[kus ds fy, ,d ifjorZudkjh –f"Vdks.k dh odkyr djrk gSA bl ifjorZu esa eu dh vknrsa vkSj fo'o –f"V 'kkfey gks ldrs gSaA Nk=ksa dks bl ckr ij xaHkhj :i ls çfrcaf/kr djus ds fy, i<+kuk vko';d gSa fd ge tkudkjh dks dSls tkurs gSa ;k le>rs gSa buiqV dSls djrs gSa ;fn ge Nk=ksa dks egRoiw.kZ vkSj fparu'khy lksp] dkS'ky fodflr djus ds fy, dgrs gSa vkSj mUgsa vius vklikl dh nqfu;k dh ns[kHkky djus ds fy, çksRlkfgr djrs gSa rks os r; dj ldrs gSa fd dqN gn rd O;fäxr ;k lkekftd ifjorZu dh vko';drk gS A lexzrk thou vkSj thou ds fofHkUu igyqvksa dks ,dh—r vkSj tqM+k gqvk ns[krh gS blfy, f'k{kk dks lh[kus dks dbZ vyx&vyx ?kVdks esa vyx ugha djuk pkfg,A lexz f'k{kk esa VªkalfMlhfIyujh baDok;jh dh vo/kkj.kk gSA VªkalfMlhfIyujh baDok;jh bl vk/kkj ij vk/kkfjr gS fd fo"k;ksa ds chp foHkktu lekIr gks x;k gS] lalkj dks ftruk gks lds lexz :i esa le>uk pkfg, uk dh [kafMr Hkkxksa esa VªkalfMlhfIyujh ,çksp esa dbZ vuq'kklu 'kkfey gksrs gSa vkSj fo"k;ksa ls ijs u, –f"Vdks.k dh laHkkouk ds lkFk fo"k;ksa ds chp dk LFkku gksrk gSA lexz f'k{kk ds vuqlkj lh[kus dh çfØ;k esa lkFkZdrk Hkh egRoiw.kZ dkjd gSA lexz f'k{k.k laLFkk,a çR;sd O;fä dh vFkZ lajpukvksa ds lkFk lEeku vkSj dke djuk pkgrs gSaA ,d fo"k; dh 'kq#vkr bl ckr ls 'kq: gksxh fd dksbZ Nk= vius fo'o –f"V ls D;k tku ;k le> ldrk gS nwljksa ds fy, D;k ek;us j[krk gS blds ctk; muds fy, D;k ek;us j[krk gS esVk yfuaZx; ,d vkSj vo/kkj.kk gS tks lkFkZdrk ls tqM+rk gS] lh[kus dh çfØ;k esa varfuZfgr vFkZ [kkstus vkSj ;g le>us esa fd os dSls lh[krs gSa Nk=ksa ls vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd og vius Lo;a dh lh[kus dks vkRek fofu;fer djsaA gkykafd lexz f'k{kk esa leqnk; dh ç—fr ds dkj.k Nk= d{kk ds vanj vkSj ckgj nwljksa ij fuHkZjrk ds ek/;e ls vius Lo;a ds lh[kus ds fuxjkuh djuk lh[krs gSaA lexz f'k{kk esa leqnk; ,d vfHkUu igyw gS tks fd fj'rs vkSj fj'rks ds ckjs esa lh[kuk [kqn dks le>us dh dqath gSA blfy, bl lh[kus dh çfØ;k esa leqnk; dk igyw egRoiw.kZ gSA lexz f'k{kk esa d{kk dks vDlj ,d leqnk; ds :i esa ns[kk tkrk gS] tks f'k{k.k laLFkk ds cM+s leqnk; ds Hkhrj gS] tks xkao dLcs ;k 'kgj ds cM+s leqnk; ds Hkhrj gS vkSj tks foLrkj ls Hkhrj ls ekuork dk cM+k leqnk;A

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"उच्च शिक्षा में नई शिक्षा नीति 2020 के प्रभाव का समाजशास्त्रीय अध्ययन", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.9, Issue 5, page no.986 - 995, May-2024, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2405132.pdf

Volume 9 Issue 5, May-2024

Pages : 986 - 995

Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_211451

Published Paper Id: IJSDR2405132

Downloads: 000347612

Research Area: Arts

Country: khairthal, alwar, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2405132

Published Paper URL: https://ijsdr.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJSDR2405132

ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

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