Legal Safeguards for a Supportive Workplace Environment: The role of Pakistan Anti-Harassment Laws in Supporting Workplace Environment and Preventing Workplace Harassment

Hamid Raza , Zaid Usman , Yinhui Fen , Samma Faiz Rasool

Workplace harassment, Supportive workplace environment, Pakistan Anti-harassment law, Anti-harassment Policy

This study determined how workplace harassment can influence supportive workplace harassment, directly and indirectly, using Anti- harassment laws as a mediating variable. Workplace harassment with multiple dimensions (Physical harassment, sexual harassment, verbal conduct, and non-verbal conduct) was used in this study. We used a questionnaire survey approach to evaluate the data. A total of 53 items were used in the questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. The data were collected from small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) based in Pakistan. The authors distributed 600 questionnaires among targeted employees (senior managers, middle-level managers, and supportive staff) and received 417 filled questionnaires, among which six were incomplete. So, the completed sample size of the research was 411, and the overall response rate was 69%. To estimate the proposed relationships in the research model, we used partial least-squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM 3.2). The outcomes of this study indicate that for direct and indirect relationships, workplace harassment negatively influences a supportive workplace environment. Additionally, the study shows a negative relationship between WH and AHL. Moreover, the outcomes of this study also show that anti-harassment laws positively impacts and helps to create a supportive workplace environment. The study concludes with a discussion, limitations, and future research directions.

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"Legal Safeguards for a Supportive Workplace Environment: The role of Pakistan Anti-Harassment Laws in Supporting Workplace Environment and Preventing Workplace Harassment", IJSDR - International Journal of Scientific Development and Research (www.IJSDR.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.8, Issue 1, page no.541 - 553, January-2023, Available :https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2301090.pdf

Volume 8 Issue 1, January-2023

Pages : 541 - 553

Paper Reg. ID: IJSDR_203451

Published Paper Id: IJSDR2301090

Downloads: 000347363

Research Area: Management

Country: Songjiang, Shanghai , China

Published Paper PDF: https://ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2301090

Published Paper URL: https://ijsdr.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJSDR2301090

ISSN: 2455-2631 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.15 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.15 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJSDR(IJ Publication) Janvi Wave

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License and The Open Definition