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Paper Title: ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF VOWELS IN CLEAR AND CONVERSATIONAL SPEAKING STYLE IN MALAYALAM"
Authors Name: Ms Elizebath P Paul , Mr Satish Kumaraswami
Unique Id: IJSDR2008047
Published In: Volume 5 Issue 8, August-2020
Abstract: When talkers are aware of speech perception difficulty on the part of listener they are likely adopt a distinct style aimed at improving intelligibility. This intelligibility enhancing mode of speech is known as “clear speech “. Whereas every day speaking style here in is referred as “conversational speech”. Previous work has provided important insights into acoustic/articulatory adjustments while increasing clear speech intelligibility in western languages. The acoustic –phonetic features that characterize the conversational-to-clear speech transformation may vary across the languages and across the different contexts. However, there is a paucity of data on clear speech production and perception in any language other than English. Because of almost exclusively western focus of previous clear speech research there is not much information available on acoustic characteristics in Indian languages. Therefore, present study investigated the acoustical characteristics of vowels in clear and conversational speaking style in Malayalam, which is one of the Indo-Aryan languages. Earlier research on Indian accented English showed in comparison with conversational speech, clear speech had more energy at high frequency region, longer vowel durations and larger spectral amplitudes for fricative and stops at local level (Ranjini 2007). The present study compared the acoustic characteristics of vowels produced in clear and conversational speaking style in Malayalam. Final consonant was kept same across all the contexts as this will help us see the effect of initial consonant on acoustical properties of vowels in clear and conversational speech. The aim of the study was to analyze the Acoustic characteristics of vowels in clear and conversational speaking style in typical Malayalam speakers with the following objectives. c) To analyze Vowel duration of clear and conversational speech d) To analyze Fundamental frequency of clear and conversational speech Ten typical Malayalam speakers, five males and five females participated in present study in the age range of 20 to 22 years (mean age 20.8 years) who had undergone education in Malayalam from their primary school level. The subjects did not report any history of speech, language, hearing or neurological problems. Stimuli consisted of vowels /a, i, u, e, o / in /sVr/, /pVr/, /bVr/contexts. Thus in each context there were a total of ten words. 30 carrier sentences were used to elicit these 30 target words in two speaking styles. Sentences were recorded in a sound treated room. The microphone was kept at a distance of 6-8 cm from the mouth. Sentences were recorded using PRAAT voice recording and analysis software 5.2.35 version.(Boersma,& weenink, 2008). Voice recording was done using an external microphone with sampling frequency of 44100Hz .For the conversational style, the talkers were instructed to speak the sentences as if they were talking to someone familiar with their voice and speech patterns. For the clear speaking style, the talkers were instructed to speak the sentences as if they were talking to a listener with a hearing loss or a non-native speaker. The order of speaking of clear or conversational speech was randomly varied between subjects. The acoustic analyses of the target words selected from the sentence were done using PRAAT software to record voice related parameters such as Vowel duration and fundamental frequency .the obtained data was further statically analyze for significant difference between clear and conversational speech. The results revealed that: Vowel Durations Vowels were significantly longer in clear speech compared to conversational speech in all the three contexts (/sVr/, /pVr/ and / bVr/). On an average, vowel in the clear speech at /sVr/, /bVr/, and /pVr/ context were 0.7, 1.33 and 1.7 times longer when compared to conversational speech respectively. Fundamental frequency Results showed no systematic variations in fundamental frequency between two speaking styles. Some subjects showed higher fundamental frequency for clear speech while others had higher fundamental frequency for conversational speaking style. Conclusion In summary, the results of the present study indicate that vowel duration is expanded in clear speech compared to normal, conversational speech. Similar results have been shown in American accent English, Spanish, Croatian, Kannada and Konkani language too. Present study extends these results in to Malayalam a Indo-Aryan language. Furthermore, this study that there is a remarkable stability in acoustic-phonetic features that characterize the conversational- to-clear speech transformation across different languages.
Keywords: Voice, acoustics, vowel, speech, clear, conversational
Cite Article: "ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF VOWELS IN CLEAR AND CONVERSATIONAL SPEAKING STYLE IN MALAYALAM" ", International Journal of Science & Engineering Development Research (www.ijsdr.org), ISSN:2455-2631, Vol.5, Issue 8, page no.350 - 351, August-2020, Available :http://www.ijsdr.org/papers/IJSDR2008047.pdf
Downloads: 000336257
Publication Details: Published Paper ID: IJSDR2008047
Registration ID:192367
Published In: Volume 5 Issue 8, August-2020
DOI (Digital Object Identifier):
Page No: 350 - 351
Publisher: IJSDR | www.ijsdr.org
ISSN Number: 2455-2631

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